A Time To Kill Essay -- essays research papers

In A Time To Kill, by John Grisham, two drunken white men violently raped, beat, and nearly killed a 10-year-old shady girl named Tonya Hailey. Her father, in a clouded rage, executed the two rapists with an M-16 on their way out of the courthouse. His vigilante form of justice was not well taken by many in prejudiced Ford County, Mississippi. On the other hand, he had lots of support from the black community and from any white psyche whom dared to step into his shoes. A young, thirty-something lawyer named Jack Brigance was hired as his defense. He personally hoped it would give him national recognition, but his outlook turned flex when an all-white jury was drawn to decide on the fate of this Negro man. As the case gained popularity, the KKK got involved, and everyone involved in the court case was put in monstrous danger through shootings, riots, bombings, and random acts of violence. The non-stop action this book has to offer would keep any reader on the edge of his seat th rough the last rapscallion of the novel. The story begins with the horrific, detailed rape of Tonya Hailey. Besides being the most disgusting series of events in the entire book, the reader has no choice but to pray that the little girl will make it out alive. Through all of the beatings and tortures, she luckily survives, offering a sense of relief and finality. Shortly after, though, the action picks up again with the sheriffs search for the rapists...

Les Miserables Essays -- essays research papers

In Les Miserables, Victor Hugo portrays human spirit in a neutral state. world are born with neither dependable nor bad instincts, but rather society affects our actions and thoughts. Hugo portrays the neutral state of consciousness through Jean Valjean and Cosette. The two extremes of favourable and evil are represented through Thnardier and the bishop. Good and evil coexists in the society and affects Valjean and Cosette. It is the two extremes of good and evil that dictate the lives of Valjean and Cosette. The bishop represents charity and love. Everything hes incessantly had, he gave to charity. When the bishop first met Valjean, he said, "You need not tell me who you are. This is not my house it is the house of Christ. It does not implore any comer whether he has a name, but whether he has an affliction. You are suffering you are hungry and thirsty be welcome. And do not convey me do not tell me that I take you into my house..... whatever is here is yours." (pg. 15-16) The bishop didnt look at him as a convict he looked at him as a fellow brother. Later, when the bishop found give away that Valjean stole his silver, he wasnt mad, but offered all of his silver to Valjean saying, "Dont forget that you promised me to use this silver to become an honest man." Thnardier, on the other hand, is the exact inverse of the bishop. He represents the corruptive nature of society. Hes the one that changes people for the bad. An example of how Thnardier represents greed and evil is how he... Les Miserables Essays -- essays research papers In Les Miserables, Victor Hugo portrays human nature in a neutral state. Humans are born with neither good nor bad instincts, but rather society affects our actions and thoughts. Hugo portrays the neutral state of mind through Jean Valjean and Cosette. The two extremes of good and evil are represented through Thnardier and the bishop. Good and evil coexists in the society and affects Valjean and Cosette. It is the two extremes of good and evil that dictate the lives of Valjean and Cosette. The bishop represents charity and love. Everything hes ever had, he gave to charity. When the bishop first met Valjean, he said, "You need not tell me who you are. This is not my house it is the house of Christ. It does not ask any comer whether he has a name, but whether he has an affliction. You are suffering you are hungry and thirsty be welcome. And do not thank me do not tell me that I take you into my house..... whatever is here is yours." (pg. 15-16) The bishop didnt look at him as a convict he looked at him as a fellow brother. Later, when the bishop found out that Valjean stole his silver, he wasnt mad, but offered all of his silver to Valjean saying, "Dont forget that you promised me to use this silver to become an honest man." Thnardier, on the other hand, is the exact opposite of the bishop. He represents the corruptive nature of society. Hes the one that chan ges people for the bad. An example of how Thnardier represents greed and evil is how he...

Economic Growth :: Economy Economics Governmental Essays

Economic harvest-tide is the most important study in economics today. The stolon book on economics was by Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations the full title was the Inquire Into The Nature And Sources Of The Wealth Of Nations. Economic growth determines a countries future, and economic growth in the past determines a countries present as far as its material values are concerned. (Buechner Recording) So all(prenominal) material value of the modern mankind is a result economic growth in the past, or your standard of living is the result of economic growth in the past. Economic growth in the future will determine whether or not there is rising or falling economic wealth, and twin(a) with that whether or not the standard of living in the future continues to rise or fall. For example In 1870 England was the leading industrial power of the globe, and as a consequence it also was the leading political power of the globe. According to M. Northrup Buechner the authoritative wage r ate in England is estimated to have been about 50% higher than the real wage rate in other European countries at that time. (Recording) It was about 1870 because of the rise of statist policies and ideologies that rate of growth in England started to lag behind that of the other European Countries. It didnt lag a lot Buechner states the statistical estimate was less(prenominal) than one percent a year, however for a period of 10 or 20 years thatll make a difference hardly anybody would notice. Yes maybe so, but if you compound that interest rate over 100 years what you explicate is what you see today. England is essentially a third rate economic power, and the real wage rate in England today is estimated to be about 33% less than the real wage rate in other European countries. (Buechner Recording) In 1870 the United States in 1870 was an economically backward, internationally insignificant, and unimportant country in the world with respect to matters regarding foreign affairs. Acco rding to Buechner it was about 1870 when the United States embarked on a growth rate of over 5% percent a year, which was sustained for a period of over 40 years. (Recording) No country in the history of the world matched that record. At the end of that period about the time of World warfare I the United States took Britains place as the leading industrial power of the globe.

Vincent Van Gogh: Woe Is Me :: essays research papers fc

Vincent Van van Gogh Woe is MeDuring the last twenty years of the nineteenth century a new form of elegant painting formed. Postimpressionism was a form of contrivance where the artist was highly individual and expressive. Some of the most creative painters in history helped to make the style a success. Paul Gauguin and Paul Cezanne are two of the most creative and popular painters among the postimpressionists, but not the master. The master of the postimpressionist movement was Vincent Van Gogh.Vincent Van Gogh was born(p) on the 30th of March 1853, in the small village of Zundert in the south of the Netherlands. He was the oldest of six children born to Theodorus Van Gogh and Cornelia Carbentus. He began his educational activity in 1861, at the village school in Zundert he would subsequently attend two boarding schools. Van Gogh excelled in language acquisition French, English, and German. During that time he also began drawing. Vincent for the most part educated himself. In M arch 1868, he ends his formal education and begins an apprenticeship with Goupil and Cle. (Fine Art Web)The Goupil and Cle. Were art dealers in europium and Vincent was stationed at their Paris Headquarters. During his time spent as a salesman, for the art gallery, Van Gogh developed a love for fine art. Van Gogh began to become unstable and the Paris Gallery released him in 1873. Upon leaving Paris, Vincent (wanting to be useful) trained for the ministry in 1877, at Amsterdam University. After failing to land a post in the Church, he became an independent missionary and practiced among the Borinage miners. His experiences as a preacher are reflected in his first paintings of peasants and potato diggers of these early works, the surpass known is the rough, earthly Potato Eaters (http//sunsite.auc.dk/cgfa/gogh/gogh_bio.htm). In 1886 van Gogh went to Paris to live with his brother Theo van Gogh, an art dealer, and became familiar with the new art movements developing at the time. In fluenced by the work of the impressionists and by the work of such Japanese printmakers as Hiroshige and Hokusai, van Gogh began to experiment with current techniques. Subsequently, he take the brilliant hues found in the painting of the French artists Camille Pissarro and Georges Seurat (http//sunsite.auc.dk/cgfa/gogh/gogh_bio.htm). In Paris, Vincent discovered color and the divisionist ideas, which helped to create the distinctive dashed brushstrokes that is seen in his later works. In 1887, at a restaurant in Paris, Van Gogh organized an exhibition.

Is Morality Subjective or Objective? Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical

Is holiness Subjective or Objective? Morality must be objectively derived because (1) the concepts of favourable and morality exist (2) cultures dissent regarding certain moral actions, thus there is the need to discover which is right but cultures are similar regarding the existence of and need for morality (3) relativism is non synthetical and does not work, (4) for moral principles to be legitimate and consistent, they must be derived external to human societies. Otherwise morality is merely one persons choice or feeling, not an understanding of truth and (5) the existence of religion. People recognize a moral aspect to the worship of deity even if the deity does not exist, we still savvy a need for morality to be decreed by Someone or approximatelything greater than humanity. 1. First, the concepts of good and morality exist. The very existence of the idea of good argues for something in human society that is different than the bunnies and the wolves. Nature is amoral the b unnies do not protest the fact that wolves eat them. There is no notion, outside of Bambi, that the animals consider some of themselves good and some bad. Thus, the nature of humanity is somehow different than other creatures. Somehow we know that certain principles and actions are good and acceptable, rather than simply requisite for existence. We contemplate the abstract thought of moral principle itself, and the universality of such an idea. All human cultures do not have exactly the same moral codes, but all cultures have a moral code. This concept of the nature of humanity argues for a code of morality that fits all people we seek it, we turn over it, we feel that we need it. Second, cultures differ regarding certain moral actions but all cultures... ...s, 1998. Paton, H.J. The Moral Law Kants Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. London Hutchinson University Library, 1961. Philosophical Psychology. Abstract of article in Volume 11, Number 4, December, 1998. www.cs.indian a.edu/hyplan/cdelance Plato. The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Bollingen Series LXXI. Edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press, 1961. Satris, Stephen. Taking Sides Clashing Views on Controversial Moral Issues. Guilford, CT Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000. Schick, Theodore, Jr. Morality Requires God... or Does It? The Council for Secular Humanism. 17 July 2002. Article from Free Inquiry Magazine, vol.17, number 3. www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/schick_17_3.html Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The Cambridge Platonists. 17 July 2002. http//plato.stanford.edu

Is Morality Subjective or Objective? Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical

Is honourableity Subjective or Objective? Morality must be objectively derived because (1) the concepts of expert and morality exist (2) cultures differ regarding certain moral actions, thus there is the lead to discover which is right but cultures are similar regarding the existence of and need for morality (3) relativism is not logical and does not work, (4) for moral principles to be legitimate and consistent, they must be derived external to human societies. Otherwise morality is merely angiotensin-converting enzyme persons choice or feeling, not an understanding of truth and (5) the existence of religion. People recognize a moral aspect to the worship of god even if the deity does not exist, we still perceive a need for morality to be decreed by Someone or something greater than humanity. 1. First, the concepts of substanti exclusivelyy and morality exist. The real existence of the idea of good argues for something in human society that is different than the bunnies and t he wolves. Nature is amoral the bunnies do not protest the fact that wolves eat them. There is no notion, outside of Bambi, that the animals consider some of themselves good and some bad. Thus, the nature of humanity is somehow different than other creatures. Somehow we know that certain principles and actions are good and acceptable, rather than simply necessary for existence. We contemplate the abstract thought of moral principle itself, and the universality of such an idea. All human cultures do not put up exactly the same moral codes, but all cultures have a moral code. This concept of the nature of humanity argues for a code of morality that fits all people we seek it, we believe it, we feel that we need it. Second, cultures differ regarding certain moral actions but all cultures... ...s, 1998. Paton, H.J. The Moral Law Kants Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. London Hutchinson University Library, 1961. philosophic Psychology. Abstract of article in Volume 11, Number 4 , December, 1998. www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/cdelance Plato. The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Bollingen Series LXXI. Edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press, 1961. Satris, Stephen. Taking Sides Clashing Views on Controversial Moral Issues. Guilford, CT Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000. Schick, Theodore, Jr. Morality Requires God... or Does It? The Council for Secular Humanism. 17 July 2002. Article from Free Inquiry Magazine, vol.17, number 3. www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/schick_17_3.html Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The Cambridge Platonists. 17 July 2002. http//plato.stanford.edu

Marketing Communication McDonalds

McDonalds Corporation is the worlds largest fast food chain, selling primarily hamburgers, chicken, french fries and carbonated drinks and more recently salads, fruit and carrot sticks. The ancestry was founded in 1940 with a restaurant opened by siblings Dick and Mac McDonald. It was their introduction of the Speedee Service System in 1948 that established the principles of the fast-food restaurant. However, the company today dates its foundation garment to the opening of CEO Ray Krocs first franchised restaurant, the companys ninth, in 1955. He opened his first McDonalds in Des Plaines, Illinois in April 1955 (Wikipedia).McDonalds is one of the worlds largest brand for a reason. They take marketing communication theory seriously. McDonalds spends billions of dollars with outside publicise and promotional agencies to communicate to its customers. According to Allison Perlik (2005), McDonalds relies highly on targeted advertising and marketing communications and this is a centra l reason it is one of the worlds best-known brands. San Francisco-based researcher Interbrand ranked it 7th among the 100 most herculean brands in the world last year. It values the McDonalds brand at $25 billion, up 1% (and up one notch in the ranking) from 2003 convey to the chains sales rebound (Perlik, 2005).McDonalds has had its deepest impact as a marketer has been through the variety of its messages to consumers. Larry Lights (McDonalds orbicular Marketing Officer) term for the companys marketing system is brand journalism which means telling different stories to several demographic groups through a variety of media, while ensuring that all those communications reinforce a single brand image. For decades, McDonalds has simultaneously addressed kids, teens,Marketing Communication McDonaldsadults, moms, parents, grandparents, African Americans, Latinos, Asians and others with marketing meant to get in touch the brand with concourses lives (Perlik, 2005).The most recent cam paign the fastfood giant deployed is im lovin it. According to Wikepedia, this is an international branding campaign by primarily aimed at people aged 15-24. It was created by Heye & Partner, a longtime McDonalds agency based in Unterhaching, Germany, near Munich, and a member of the DDB Worldwide Communications Group, Inc. It was the companys first global advertising campaign and was launched in Munich, Germany on September 2, 2003, under the German title ich liebe es.The English part of the campaign was launched on September 29, 2003 with the music of Tom Batoy and Franco Tortora (Mona Davis Music) and vocals by Justin Timberlake in which the slogan appears used in many of the introductory spots. The campaign is proving to be successful as it is being popularly used around the globe.Another strategy the company has been carrying out is standardization. This means replicating its wit and look across the world. But the truth is that there always has been a restlessness at McDonalds , leadership it to explore variations in both menu and building style. It started in the 1960s when Ray Kroc began installing outdoor s take in new units, transforming what had been a sleep with concept to a restaurant.Indoor seating, drive-thru windows, play areas for kids and other modifications followed. Limited-menu kiosks under such names as McSnack Spot, McTreat Spot and McStop get to been tested with varying success. In the last 15 old age, changes in consumer eating habits and in the restaurant industry have led McDonalds to test some radical departures from its standard design (Perlik, 2005).Marketing Communication McDonaldsThe couplet of McDonalds target market is very wide. As mentioned above, McDonalds reaches different age brackets through the use of brand journalism. For instance, they had a tagline You need a Break. This is intended for adults who are busy working and are looking for a dexterous time, and McDonalds delivers that. There are a number of reasons wh y people love McDonalds and why they have served millions of burgers to millions of people. It could be that people still want their food fast and instantly, without sacrificing the taste, and at the same time, having fun. For the kids, they love the characters and definitely, the happy meal. This toy inside a meal is one of the most successful promotional strategies of McDonalds.Its competitors like Carls Jr. and Burger King have directed advertising towards a different demographic young teenage and college-age men with trendy, often sexualised, imagery and messages that target mens supposed desire for large, meat-filled burgers and rich, satisfying food. In 2005, for example, Carls Jr. debuted a controversial ad featuring a bikini-clad Paris Hilton writhing sensuously on an expensive Bentley luxury car while enjoying a large burger. The ad evoke outrage from a number of groups, but Carls Jr. sales climbed impressively (Wikipedia).Others may try but no one beats McDonalds in bei ng able to serve both kids and adults. The company, unlike Carls Jr. and Burger King, need not choose which specific market to serve. However, the culture of healthy eating is becoming a threat to fast food chains, even our giant McDonalds. All of a sudden the country has gone into health overdrive. The government produce a White Paper calledChoosing Health, that revealed their plans to invest money into better advertising campaigns promoting healthy eating in children. Unsurprisingly, Z-lists celebrities jumped on the band wagon and have either released a book or a workout video (Goldie, 2006). Goldie adds that as a result of this ongoing obesity debate, McDonalds and the fast-foodMarketing Communication McDonaldsindustry as a whole saw itself on the receiving end of negative publicity and suffered major criticism for providing unhealthy food. 2004 was the first year McDonalds announced a passing game in profits, coinciding with the release of the film documentary Super Size Me i n July. The film follows the journey of Morgan Spurlock, who set out to discover the implications of eating zero but Maccy Ds for a whole month, following three rules he could only eat what was available, no super-sizing unless offered, and he had to eat every item on the menu at least once.Although the healthy eating trend is posing a threat to McDonalds, Ronald and his friends are here to stay. I believe that McDonalds marketing communications spears through this trend and reaches the hearts and palettes of millions of kids and adults worldwide through their campaigns. McDonalds successfully gives us a reason every now and then why we should go there and bring our kids with us. It is not only food that people love in McDonalds but the culture, feeling, and happiness that it has seeded for the past 50 years in millions of kids and kids at heart.BibliographyPerlik, A 2005, Redefining McDonalds, Rimag.com, viewed 12 December 2006, http//www.rimag.com/archives/2005/03a/design.asp.Pe rlik, A 2005, McDonalds 50th Marketing, Rimag.com, viewed 12 December 2006, http//www.rimag.com/archives/2005/03a/marketing.asp.Goldie, C 2004, McDonalds, healthy eating, and the joyful Meal of the future, Public Sphere, 12 December 2006, .McDonalds, Wikipedia, 12 December 2006, .Im lovin it, Wikipedia, 12 December 2006,

Family structure in the United States Essay

During WII nuclear families were the most common family type. Men were the main breadwinners and the women stayed at home, taking c are of the children. This has now shifted to shared and even reversed roles, as dual-earner families are besides on the rise. Since WWII, on that point has been a rise in types of families such as extended, angiotensin-converting enzyme parent and step. Of all the households in 2005, 57% were duette families compared with 70% in 1971. The biggest fall has been in couple families with three or more dependent children (Fisher Et Al 2012) There are many reasons why family structures wee-wee changed since WWll. The biggest component has been divorced, with a dramatic increase from only 339 divorces in 1971 to 2,360 in 2015 (nisra.gov.uk 14/09/17). There are now approximately 1.7 million lone-parent families in Britain making up about 25% of families. This was due to the Divorce Reform Act of 1969 taking force in 1971.The social stigma of divorce was no longer as big an issue and financial independence is now increasing for women, making it easier on women to leave their husbands (www.theguardian.com). This devalued marriage, with many choosing not to legally marry. 36% of adults in Northern Ireland remain whizz (NI Census, 2011). Cohabitation is on the increase, with almost 6 in 10 babies being born to either unmarried parents or a single mother. The numbers are greatest in Belfast and Derry (The Belfast Telegraph, 23/9/15). Cohabitation during and after WW2 would have been seen as unforgivable with hardly any couple doing so. Lots of factors have changed to make couples living together out of wedlock more relaxed. There has been a decrease in social stigma and a decreasing church influence, with only 1 in 10 people now regularly attending church (www.bbcnews.co.uk). However, Northern Ireland has the highest level of churchgoers in the UKwww.faithsurvey.co.uk. but 36% of marriages take place in church comparing to 1960 when all marriages took place in a church (www.stp.pembrokeshire.sch.uk).The introduction and accessibility of contraception have had an influence on family structures. This has had a major effect on couples starting their families, especially if they are concentrating on building their career. According to BBC News (4/12/11) in Britain in the 1960s, the pill was available only to married women who felt their families were complete. By 1974 all women, including those who were single could have the pill prescribed. When contraception was more widely employ it affected the UK by couples having smaller families. They were able to plan if and when to start and family and how many children to have. The NI Census shows a reduction in the average household sizing from 2.65 in 2001 to 2.54 in 2011. Many couples are now childless. The Sunday Times magazine (Christina Patterson, 20/10/13) backs up this information stating that It is estimated that, by 2018, 25% of British women of childbearing age wi ll never have a baby, and this increases to a third of women with degrees. The dependence of women working in WW2 and the suffragette movement meant that the roles of women changed significantly and by the 1960s, 38% of women were employed (www.bbc.co.uk). The equal pay act was passed in 1970 giving women their rights, however, according to ONS statistics on average, women are paid over 19% less than men. Followed by the Sex Discrimination Act, then shortly after women finally won the right to 14 weeks maternity leave in 1993 and more in fresh years. These acts allow women to work in within a working environment fairly and being paid the same as men which means that single parents have a better opportunity of coping on their own rather than being having the stress of finding a partner (www.bbc.co.uk). Statistics back this up by stating that there are now approximately 1.7million lone parent families in Britain this makes up about 25% of all families (Fisher et al 2012)There has al so been an increase in families based on same-sex civil partners as a result of legislation in 2004. The first same-sex civil partnership took place in Belfast in December 2005. The number of same-sex marriages in Northern Ireland from 2005 to 2015 have gone up and down throughout the years due to media portrayals. In 2005 there were 12 same-sex marriages increasing to the highest number is ever been in 2010 at 116. The numbers have decreased since then to 89 in 2015.

Committing Adultery Essay

A marriage ceremony is full of moral ethics that should be followed. Kant would have agreed with me that we have moral duties to ones ego and others. A marriage is committing moral thoughts, words, and consummationions to yourself and your collaborator. Kant believed in treating other people the way you wish they would treat you. Never treat other people as if they were barely things. The formula of humanity states that we should treat people as an end and never as a means to an end. In committing adultery, the marriage and the spouse are existence used as a means.Marriage should be treated with dignity and not as a thing that can be played with. I hope no one would deem the universal law of categorical imperative to committing adultery. I could not imagine applying the act of committing adultery to how all others should act. If we did apply the universal law to committing adultery then marriage would be worthless. Basically, do not choose a rule for yourself that you wouldnt want everyone else to obey. Kant believes that the only satisfactory thing is a good will. Good will equals good intentions. Committing adultery is not a morally good act and Kant would agree with me.Utilitarianism is an action that is make up if it maximizes the overall happiness of all people. In other words, an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone. This is consequentialism. Utilitarianism has rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism. In rule utilitarianism, a behavioral code or rule is morally right if the consequences of the rule are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone. I believe it is more favorable to your spouse not to cheat than to cheat. I would be also more favorable to you not to cheat so the spouse doesnt get upset.Act utilitarianism weighs the consequences of each particular action. There is a list of consequences of the act of committing adultery and none of them are good. There are mora l rules against committing adultery and one of them is lying. In taking the vows in front of God is a form of a promise and breaking that promise is lying to God. magic trick Stuart Mill is a hedonistic utilitarian. Our actions are meant to give happiness not only to ourselves but to others as well. Mill made the distinction of happiness amidst pleasures of the mental sort as a higher form than that of bodily pleasures.Mill states, it is better to be intelligently dissatisfied then foolishly satisfied. The last pain and misery caused by committing adultery is not worth the short term pleasure that it produces. Wikipedia. org states that Utilitarianism of John Stuart Mill is classified as a emblem of hedonism, as it judges the morality of the actions by their consequent contributions to the greater good and happiness of all. Mills believes that there can be different levels of pleasure as long as the act promotes an action which makes everyone happy. Mills would say that committi ng adultery doesnt bring overall happiness.Hedonism is described as pleasure is the highest good and whatsoever causes pleasure is right. On this note, hedonism would say committing adultery would be right if it is giving the cheating spouse pleasure. Committing adultery is motivated by desire and it can let down pain by not telling the spouse that you are cheating. Most of the time committing adultery is motivated by sexual desire. My view on committing adultery is closest with Kantianism. Good will equals good intentions. They way I treat my spouse is the way I would want to be treated. I value marriage and I hope my spouse does too.

Effects of Emotion Regulation on Risk Aversion

This paper is on Emotion Regulation and Decision Making Under luck and Uncertainty by Mircea Miclea, Andrei C. Miu, Renata M. Heilman, Liviu G. Crisan from Babes-Bolyai University, in Cluj-Napoca, Romania and Daniel Houser from George Mason University in Virginia, USA. The study was published in the American Psycho crystal clear Association, 2010, Vol. 10, No. 2. It deals with emotion law (ER) tactics such as cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression and their effects on risk aversion and decision making. Reappraisal involves reformulating the meaning of the situation.Suppression involves inhibiting the responses and behaviours associated with emotions, such as nervus facialis expressions, vocal tonality or body language. The researchers hypothesized that participants using reappraisal would portray lower risk aversion (increased risk taking) than subjects using suppression. They induced negative emotions of business organisation and disgust on their participants through s hort movie clips and then rated how they did on tests that measure risk-taking based on the ER tactic that they were previously instructed to use. (Heilman, Crisan, Houser, Miclea & Miu, 2010, p. 58). Our textbook defines an experimentation as a scientific method of research in which several factors called independent variables ar modified to determine their effects on the dependant variable. This enables researchers to uprise cause and effect between different variables because they will observe if changes in one variable causes changes in the other (Baron, Byrne, Branscombe, & Fritzley, 2010, p. 19). For the purposes of this paper, focus will be on study 1 which looked at the effects of negative emotions such as fear or disgust.The sample was of sixty participants (56 women mean age 21. 45 years) from the Babes-Bolyai University campus. They were randomly distributed in 6 groups based on the emotion experienced (either fear or disgust) and the ER strategy employed (cognitive r eappraisal, expressive suppression, or control/no ER instructions). The independent variables in this experiment were the ER strategy induced and the emotion experienced by the subjects. The emotion was measured using PANAS-X (posttest).The participants then consummate the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) to confirm that they employed the instructed ER strategy. The dependant variable was the risk taking behaviour of the subjects, measured with BART and IGT tests. Results showed that reappraisers, but not suppressors, showed significantly decreased fear and disgust. Findings reveal that cognitive reappraisal increases risk taking by reducing the experience of negative emotions, while expressive suppression does not because it is ineffective in reducing negative emotions (Heilman et al. , 2010, p. 258-61).The textbook deals with the topic of emotion and cognitive regulation by addressing the topics of cerebration suppression, affect and cognition and emotion regulation. Fir st, thought suppression is the effort we take to prevent certain thoughts from entering our consciousness. It is involved in two steps the first is an automatic solve which detects unwanted thoughts, and the south is a conscious process by which we decide to not think about the unpleasant thoughts and concentrate on something else. When we are too tired, the conscious process cannot operate and the unwanted thoughts become stronger.We engage in though suppression to control our feelings and behaviour (Baron et al. , 2010, p. 47-48). Second, the textbook looks at the influence of affect on cognition. look into indicates that our mood influences the way we see the world and our interactions with it. The textbook states that information of affective nature is processed differently than standard information, and as such it is almost impossible to ignore it once it has been introduced into a situation. People in a good mood are encouraged in heuristic program thinking, and more like ly to include facts. Baron et al. , 2010, p. 50-53). Lastly, the textbook defines emotion regulation as a cognitive mechanism by which we use our thoughts to regulate and control our feelings. A study by Tykocinski lists two ER techniques counterfactual thinking, when people adjust their thoughts about negative events to make them seem unavoidable and less distressing, which reduces negative affect, and giving in to temptation, which involves doing things that are potentially bad for us but pleasant in order to improve our mood (Baron et al. 2010, p. 54-55). Some identicalities can be traced between the experiment and the textbook. They both(prenominal) agree that our mood has an influence on our cognition. In particular, the textbook tells us that people in a good mood engage in heuristic thinking, that is employing mental shortcuts, and that they are more likely to accept fewer arguments as demonstrated in the study by Ruder and Bless (2003). The experiment by Heilman et al. (2 010) shows us that the ER technique one uses can decrease our risk aversion.The textbook does discuss forms of ER techniques that are similar as the one present in Heilmans study. Thought suppression, as discussed in the textbook, has a few similarities with expressive suppression, in that they both attempt to inhibit something. Cognitive reappraisal is very similar to Tykocinskis counterfactual thinking. In terms of the research done for the experiment and the textbook, no similarities could be found.This translates in the different names given to the emotion regulation techniques (i. e. reappraisal vs. counterfactual thinking) in between the two. The study certainly has a lot more detailed information on the topic of emotion regulation than the textbook. The latter approaches the topic in a more general way, not surprisingly so since it is a college level manual. A critical look at the journal article reveals that, overall they did a good job, however there are a few things that a re not good.The independent and dependant variables were elect properly and they took great care to measure the effects using a variety of tests and statistical analyses. They made sure that fear and disgust was felt and that ER strategies were employed. However, further specification on the way they instructed their participants over which ER strategy to use would be welcome. The study does not list any further information on that topic, other than the participants were given the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire at the end to determine if they followed the assigned instructions.The conclusions seem to follow the results in a coherent and logical fashion. The main problem with this study is their sampling. First of all, it is not very large, and second, it is not representative, as it consists almost exclusively of young women (56) from the campus. This does not allow for generalization. Further experiments with a larger, more representative sample would shed more light on the exact effects of emotion regulation on decision making downstairs risk.

Internal Factor Evaluation Essay

Internal factors of a college or university complicate faculty, students, staff, alumni, athletic program, physical plant, grounds and maintenance, student housing, administration, schoolman programs, fraternities, sororities, and public relations. The sum total of all weighted score is equal to the total weighted score, final value of total weighted score should be between range 1.0 (low) to 4.0 (high). The average weighted score for IFE matrix is 2.5 any company total weighted score fall below 2.5 consider as weak. The company total weighted score higher than 2.5 is consider as strong position. And from the table above Philippine Womens University Sta. Cruz, Laguna Campus has a push aside strong internal position and there are many areas need to improve further. StrategiesAfter we evaluate our university, we think that there are about things that the university should do like daily checking of air-cons, lights, flushes of toilets, etc. They should build clinic in case of emerge ncy, they should also build canteen, hire an HR, and have a head of each colleges. They should also include all the other or extra fees in tuition fee. And theres one thing that is important for us senior, we guess that they should take some actions in helping them on finding OJT. And maintain their strength or much better to improve it more.

Law in the Modern Times

Dietrich v The Queen Argued that there Is Immunity from conviction unless such a psyche In provided with advocator at the public expense. Mason C. J. And Brenan J. The applicant is entitled to succeed because his streamlet miscarried by virtue of the judges failure to stay or adjourn the trial until arrangements were do for counsel to appear the public expense. He was deprived of his right to a fair trial. Indeed, where there is no legal representation, and save in the prodigious case of the skilled litigant, the adversary system, whether or not It remains in theory, in racist breaks down Lord Devil.There Is an argued analogy with the united States Constitution, however as It Is based on their Constitution It has no parallel In Australian law. Could create difficulties egg. Accused could demand counsel of a particular degree, skill or experience. Lack of representation may mean that an accused is unable to receive, or not receive a far trial. Brenna J. Whilst dissenting, Bre nna acknowledges The entitlement of a someone charged with a serious offence to be represented by counsel at public expense would be an important safeguard of fairness in the establishment of criminal justice.Argues that our common law is different to other common law countries that have a Bill of Rights. In the present case, there is no integral or statutory provision which supports the applicants case. Every right or title must be enforced or administered in some form. Deane J. The entitlement of an accused person to a fair trial according to law Is recognized as the central thesis of the administration of criminal justice. and right which subjects innocent men t change magnitude dangers of conviction simply cause of their poverty. However, viewed in the context of the overall trial, impropriety or dirtyness could not have infected the verdict in the experience that it could not have adversely influenced the final verdict which the accused was convicted. Dawson J. The Tr ial Judge addressing Jury The fact is he unrepresented, and you should make whatever allowances you believe attach for that fact. Entitlement to appear by counsel is not the same thing as entitlement to have counsel at the public expense. If he is convicted, an appeal cannot succeed merely because he was at a equidistant in being unrepresented. There cannot be a miscarriage of Justice merely because an accused in unrepresented when he has no entitlement to representation. Dietrich relied on Article 14(3)(d) of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights To have legal assistance assigned to him, and without payment by him in any such case if he does not have sufficient means to pay for it. However Dawson J. Believes that the common law can hold a fair trial with an unrepresented accused. Robinson v The Queen Man accused and convicted of murder in JamaicaMinority Judges dissented found that accused had no defense counsel and a denial of such a right was sufficient to im pair the trial. The UN Human Rights Committee responded to the trial of Robinson by stating that the absence of counsel constituted an unfair trial. In the common law country of Canada, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms holds that in serious offences, counsel is essential for a fair trial. Deane J. Central of our criminal law That no person shall be convicted of crime otherwise than after a fair trial according to law. Gaudier J.A trial is not necessarily unfair because it is less than perfect, but it is unfair if it involves a risk of the accused being improperly convicted. What makes a trial without representation unfair is the possibility that representation might affect the outcome of the case. abortion of Justice. Mason C. J. By reason of the lack of representation of the accused, the resulting trial is not a fair one, any conviction of the accused must be quashed by an appellate court for the reason that there has been a miscarriage of Justice in that the accused as not been convicted without a fair trial.Where an accused has no representation, proceedings should be adjourned to enable accused to find counsel. Paragraph issue? If the trial proceeds without a defense counsel, and the accused is convicted, the conviction will approximately certainly be quashed. The notion that a trial Judge may be able to give helping hand to accused is illusory and take shape to cause problems in course of trial. No Judges prepared to fashion a constitutional right to state-funded counsel. Murphy J. Is McGinnis Putting aside an accused to trial in a serious case is barbarous.

Zero Dark Thirty and Torture

The Benefits of Torture Over the decades, battalion have viewed paroxysm has horrifying. Inhumane, and excessive. In the movie, Zero Dark Thirty, directed by Kathy Biggest, it was mainly utilise for examinations to check in impressation from the detainees about certain people. In the film, there be many scenes that display the superficial layers of compound interrogation and gives the viewers an automatic response that torture is bad.While many viewers see that enhanced interrogation has many bad aspects, did they ever wonder about the good ones? How it helped to save many lives? How it helped to kill Osama hive away Laden? Why its needed to prevent further troubles? Did people ever consider the role of the torturer who suffers from conducting the acts? With practically speculation, this topic has become an intriguing argument. Without changing the side of the viewer, what people must understand is that although our society perceives the thought of torture as being violent a nd unjustifiable, there are actually good parts to It.For example, If the affiliates of terrorists are being interrogated, arent speaking, and have plans to bomb certain places but you dont now when, it seems necessary to use some form of action to make them feel vulnerable enough to speak because as an interrogator, one is being pressured to secure the information as soon as possible to prevent any plots. Despite all the elaborate regarding the bad aspects of enhanced interrogation, it should be reconsidered by society to ruminate the good points. Torture allows higher governing to obtain information in a more efficient way.In the movie, Zero Dark Thirty, Dan was able to successfully attain bits and bits of information that would soon lead to Osama bin Laden. He used many methods such as hanging his extended arms to the ceiling while standing, playing loud music, depraving the field of force of food and water, weatherboarding, humiliation, threatening, vigilant effects. And pu tting the victim in a box. With the use of these methods, Dan did succeed in getting Intel from the detainee, which is why torture is useful and beneficial especially when it helps to save many lives.From the book, The Phenomenon of Torture, William Schulz mentions that prolonged constraint or exertion, sustained expiration of food or sleep, etc. Often becomes patterns to which a subject adjusts by becoming apathetic ND withdrawing into himself, in search of escape from the discomfort and tension and as a result, when the interrogators use those techniques of deprivation, it could be used to lower the persons physiological resistance which impart then lower the persons psychological capacity to the point where the subject withdraws.Just making the subject withdraw or talk Implies more than that, Its about power and Imposing ones will on another. One side Is absolutely powerful while the other coerced party Is totally low-powered and undependable. One side can ask and answer, act and react,

Judaism and Collaboration Assessment Guide

Collaboration Assessment Guide Please bed this guide and submit it with your evidence to the collaboration assessment. Part One Team Evaluation Rate your aggroup according to each of the performance criteria below. Consider the work of all members, including you. Use the comment area to rationalize your rating. 3=Always rank for You 2=Usually 1 -?Sometimes 0=Never Criteria Rating for the Team Comments Listened to others 3 They listened to what everyone had to say Showed respect for others opinionsEven if one of us did not like an opinion, we still consider it terminate assigned duties We all completed the assigned parts Participated in discussions We had great discussions Attended meetings on time We were all on time Stayed on task We didnt get off task Completed high-quality work 2 I did research Completed work on time We completed it on the date we agreed on Part Two Reflection Respond to the following questions with two to leash sentences each. What collaboration task did y our group complete? The collaboration task that my group completed was the stolen girls and the Jews in ducking camps.They have a few similarities such as, racism and they are both being prejudice. Describe your ad hoc contribution to the groups final product. The specific contribution to our final product was comparing the stolen girl and Jews in dousing camps. We finished it within a reasonable amount of time. What did you enjoy most about working with others on this lesson/task? Explain. What I enjoyed most about working with others on this task was the team work we throw into the project. Also, how we all got along and it all worked out smoothly. How did your team deal with conflict?Explain. We did not have whatever conflicts while we worked on our project. We had a god time working together. Do you feel others were happy with your liaison in the lesson/task? Explain. I do indeed feel like others were happy with my participation on the project. In my opinion, I did all I h ad to do to be a great worker. What will you do differently, if anything, in your next online collaboration opportunity?

Expanding the multicultural debate Essay

The authors exercising three specific examples to substantiate their arguments first, the habit of the Japanese macaques to wash sweet potatoes second, how an infant chimpanzee hires the American Sign Language from its m new(prenominal) and third, the utilization of tools by wild chimpanzees. Primatologists in Japan found an unique conduct that originated in a female Japanese macaque and was imitated by others in her exhibit in a short while. This female, known as Imo, began to wash sweet potatoes in the river before eating it.Soon she began to adapt the potato in the stream of water with one hand and scrub it with the other hand. This novel behavior spread among the instalments of the troop in a very specific pattern. It was observed that young monkeys versed a new behavior faster than adult monkeys. It was also seen that female moneys versed a skill or habit faster than male monkeys, the reason for this pattern being that females have a greater intent to stay within a grou p and participate in kin transmission of knowledge. A culture of washing sweet potatoes was thus transmitted from mother to child across a hale troop of macaques.Scientists in the United States of America studied the acquisition of the American Sign Language (ASL) by chimpanzees. Washoe was a chimpanzee raised since its birth as an ordinary American middle class child by a pair of foster p bents who spoke with her and between each other only in ASL. By the time she was 51 months old she had an entire repertoire of signs to answer questions like what, who, how, when, whey, where, etc. The same test was repeated with four other chimpanzees and similar results were obtained with them.After Washoe moved to a lab she raised a baby chimpanzee named Loulis. Washoe taught Loulis ASL. His vocabulary comprised of 51 signs by the time he was 73 months old. Use of prefatory tools to crack open nuts and fruits has been observed in the chimpanzees living in West Africa. Those re atomic number 18d in immurement also showed this skill. When a group of chimpanzees who did not know to routine anvil-like and hammer-like tools, were placed with three others who did know how to use stones as tools. It was found that this particular skill spread rapidly among the chimpanzees.The young ones canvassed it faster than adults and females learned it faster than the males. It was also found that those chimpanzees motivated by others in the group to use stone tools learned the skill better than those chimpanzees that lacked motivation. The author concludes that non- human primates are ethnic beings even though they do not speak a language. He says that animals and humans are not divers(prenominal) in principle. Charles Darwin placed human beings alongside animals to indicate the continuity of species.Therefore, says the author, there must be a radical revision in the manner in which animals are ethically treated and that they must be dealt with using the same moral principles tha t human beings use in dealing with other human beings. There are many a(prenominal) evidences that both support and oppose the claim that non-human primates are cultural beings who entail the same treatment as human beings on an ethical level. The main focus of the supporting evidence has been on how primates learn new behaviors and skills. They learn by observation, instruction, kind conflict, and group learning (Poirier & Hussey, 1982).While human beings also learn behaviors and skills in a similar manner, they are said to be set apart by the incident that they are still learning, and therefore differ from primates on an exploitationary basis (Farb, 1978). In other words, natural selection has decided the optimum amount of learning required by primates to carry through in the wild. Innovation and learning have much to do with the evolution of the primate outlook (Reader & Laland, 2001). increase brain size did influence the learning skills of primates and their ability to in novate. Yet, the reverse is also possible.The evolution of the primate brain has depended on their ability to learn in various ways. It was not only greater brain size that allowed primates to acquire technical knowledge, but technology also enhanced brain evolution (Whiten and Byrne, 1997). Another argument goes that human beings are more adapted to culture compared to other species (Tomasello, 1999). Cultural adaptations major power have started when children began to articulate new linguistic symbols. This must have set in place an all told polar cognitive apparatus compared to that of non-human primates (Tomasello, 1999).Language as an indicator of culture has been studied extensively (Cheney & Seyfarth, 1996). It is understood that many species of monkey posses language skills that might be considered to be precursors of human language. Vervet monkeys are known to communicate in signs comprising of a semantic structure (Seyfath et al, 1980). In this respect they can be consi dered to have a linguistic culture like human beings do. Culture has been defined in many ways. This comment of culture can be applied only to human beings, Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other ca- pabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society (Tylor, 1871). According to this definition culture is a domain of human beings (Holloway, 1969). While human beings and non-human primates both learn different skills and behaviors, they differ in the manner in which that experience is organized. Social structure alone cannot be use to say that non-human primates and human beings are both cultural species because all species have a social structure of some sort or the other.Human beings differ from other species in their ability to frame arbitrary and overturn rules that shape social relations in manner than transcends all biological ties. former(a) criteria such as the ability of primates to resolve conflict s have been used to show that primates are not all too different from human beings (Greenberg et al, 2000). Yet this resolution comes with a clause. Aggression is communal in social groups such as non-human primates. Chimpanzees are known to live in peace in their groups but are easily provoked into aggressive behavior (Goodall, 1986). Reconciliation usually occurs when an older member of the tribe intervenes.Some scientists define what elements must be used to specify culture labels, signals, skills and symbols (van Schaik et al, 2003). According to a study done on orangutans and chimpanzees, it was found that only human beings possessed all the foul cultural elements, that is, the labels which signify preferences and ability to recognize food or predators and do not require much establishment signals to social transmit messages particularly of group value skills that entail technology and innovation and symbols that were more civilize signals that became characteristic of a gr oup.Orangutans and chimpanzees possess only the first three elements. Culture is a very abstract term when used to describe phenomenon that cannot be quantifies such as the ability to create art and sculptures and publications that are quite characteristic of the life and times of the creator. In an evolutionary and biological system where skills and semantics are measured, non-human primates can be considered to be cultured but when the cognitive functions are observed, culture appears to be truly the domain of human beings. References Farb, P. (1978). Humankind. New York BantamGreenberg, M. , Pierotti, R. , Southwick, C. H. & Waal, F. B. M (2000). Conflict and Resolution in Primates-All also Human? Science, 290 (5494). 1095-1097 Poirier, F. E. & Hussey K. K. (1982). Nonhuman Primate Learning The Importance of Learning from an Evolutionary Perspective. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 13(2), 133-148. Reader, S. M. & Laland, K. N. (2002). Social Intelligence, Innovation, and en hance Brain Size in Primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(7), 4436-4441. Seyfarth, R. M. , Cheney. D. L., & Marler P. (1980). Monkey responses to three different alarm calls evidence of predator classification and semantic communication. Science, 210, 801-803 Tomasello, M (1999). The Human Adaptation for Culture. Annual reexamination of Anthropology, 28, (1999), 509-529. Tylor. E. B. (1871). Primitive Culture. London Murray Whiten, A. & Byrne, R. W. (1997) Machiavellian Intelligence II. Extensions and 30. Evaluations. Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge, U. K. Van Schaik et al (2003). Orangutan Cultures and the Evolution of material Culture. Science, 299 (5603), 102-105.

Lynda Smith “Disconnected” Rhetorical Summary Essay

In her essay, Disconnected, Lynda metalworker apprehends that todays technological forward movements be taking over our basic human interactions. She explains that we are being brainwash into believing that jail cell phone, computers and other technological gadgets help us to stay connected smoothly and instantaneously. Although the pragmatism is by using these gadgets we are not experiencing brass section to face communications, instead we are separating from each other.Lynda metalworker tries to connect with readers emotions by pointing out misleading cell phone carrier commercials and slogans. Smith also uses raise facts to support her claims, that these companies have lied to us and succeeded by providing false knowledge by repetition. Which causal has the customer believe these companies are trustworthy and customer friendly. Even more she uses CIAs data base information to show the number of cell phone and internet users to conclude her theory on commercials influencing our woofs to purchase these services.Furthermore, Smith connects with people who have been affected by advertising and cell phone carries enormous number of cell phone users. Smiths example portrays a men who was lead to believe, he would save eon by owning a cell phone, magic spell the truth is there is no saving time. Big corporations are just out to warp our sense of time so that we really end up with less, while still buying their products, and jumping on the bandwagon.Smith ends her arguments by stating we all have individual choice to decide how we communicate with our close once. Will it be by fast forwarding technology, or face to face interaction, either way we need to keep updated with technology in order progress ahead but we can not depend on it.

The Past, Present and the Future of the Internet

THE PAST, PRESENT AND THE coming(prenominal) OF THE network AND HOW ITS AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT. Abstract The present paper con n bingles worrys with the ingestions of the net profit nowa solar days and the implication of it especially to the environment. This research get divulge start from the early stage of the profits, then goes to the current IT industry and lastly what do we aspect in the future based on what we already achieved today. This research excessively is conducted purposely to ramp up multitude understand the risk of it as this issue is not having been discussed openly with separates.There is no argument for the fast development in IT industry will throw the life getting easier, but we likewise indispensability to know behind the curtain ab come forth this technology as human invention will neer get perfect. Table of content Page 1) Introduction4 2) Literature review6 3) Methodology8 4) Findings / entropy Analysis9 5) Discussion on Findings13 6) Conc lusion15 7) References17 8) Appendix 18 1) INTRODUCTION 1. Background of Study Internet is disruptive. Largely for better, cyberspace has disrupted the way we travel, communicate, conduct business, produce, interact and manage our homes and lives.This disrupt ability has potential to snip our dependence on dirty energy and make society cleaner, more cost-effective and occasioned renewability. Parts of our individual lives ar becoming more efficient even as we put through more. Internet send word enable us to cut down on energy intensive practice by allowing us to work from home with teleconferencing and telecommuting tools. at once we fuel read our electricity habituate in real date and manage it better accordingly. We also can stream music on the profits instead of taking up space on our hard drive.Nevertheless, as we applaud the positive, visible impacts and measurable, game changing potential of internet, we also necessitate to wage attention to what is behind the curtain. The internet sector has a choice to make as the demand for internet based product and service has grows exponentially. In the United States, Europe and particularly in develop economies such as India and China, so does amount of selective information we produce worldwidely. 2. Statement of problem The increasing of procedures of internet chop-chop consumes more energy for them to add the service.It is a good sign of our technology. Unfortunately, approximately of Internet Company facilities be still social occasion coal based energy to power up their data centre and its office. This problem should not take lightly as million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) had been release in the air as a result of us who atomic number 18 victimisation the internet uncontrolled every day. With the releasing the abundant amount of CO2 to the air, it will decrease our ozone layer that can result many damaged and catastrophic to the earth such as climate change, global warming and skin cancer.So this problem can pay to be cause of many disasters that we already face these days. 3. Objective of study I. To find out the work of internet and digital wedgeterfuge from the past to the future. II. To understand the impact of rapid developing technology and the internet to the environment. 4. Research inquirys The research marvels that keep been processulated for this study are I. Does use of internet can pay to taint? II. How much damaged of this technology to the environment? 2) LITERATURE REVIEWThe internet history was started from 29 October 1969, when the low gear message in ARPANET (Advance Research Project Agency Network) between computers at UCLA (University California, Los Angeles) to an early(a) computer in Stanford Research Institute. The first message that had been sent is a word LOGIN but the computer at UCLA abruptly crashed and solitary(prenominal) word LO that had been sent. In early development, at that placere only 4 computers in the net which is UCLA, Stanford, UTAH and University of California, Santa Barbara. Now, we go millions of computers including portable device that can devil the internet in one condemnation (Prouser, 2011).After 40 years since the first message in ARPANET, now we get the benefit from it. After numberless of development, internet nowadays can be access almost everywhere. The internet technology was rapidly explicated alacritous than automotive industry. The device that we use to access the internet also becomes more powerful. Now, we can get instantaneous speed access, increased of storage capabilities, and broader device connectivity such as hand knell and tablet PC besides of desktop computers and laptop (Neolabels, 2010). The number of internet user was reached to 3 billion users in 2010 (Cisco, 2011).To back up the enormous amount of users, there are currently nigh 44 millions servers in the world. This amount of servers were tin about 2% of carbon emissions or the same average of aviation industry or median(a) size country such as Argentina and Sweden (Forrest, Kaplan, & Kindler, 2008). This is because, according to Gary Cook & Jodie Van Horn (April 2011), The technologies of the twenty-first century are still largely powered by the dirty coal power of the past, with everyplace half of the companies rated herein relying on coal for between 50% and 80%of their energy needs.This means the internet industry also producing carbon emissions like another(prenominal) company despite that we did not realize it (p. 5). they also claims that we go through generated 1. 2 zettabytes of digital information with our tweets, YouTube videos, Facebook status updates, iTunes downloads, emails and other data transfers. In another study, Koomey (2008) finds out that worldwide electricity used by data centres are doubled from 2000 to 2005. The data centres that house this fit of digital information currently consume more than 3% of US electricity, and approximat ely 1. % to 2% of global electricity, growing at a rate of approximately 12% annually. Greenpeace ( March 2010) had release their report called gather IT Green claims the electricity consumption of data centres may be as much as 70% higher than previously predicted. The combined electricity demand of the internet globally is 662bn kWh and would rank the fifth among countries trounce electricity consumption in India, Germany, Canada, Brazil and United Kingdom. According to the information that taken from the web way out from Cisco, networking solutions sub solution retrieved from http//www. mashable. om (2010) by Internet traffic is projected to approach 1 zettabyte per year in 2015 that is equivalent of all the digital data in existence in 2010. Regionally speaking, traffic is judge to more than double in the Middle East and Africa, where there will be an average of 0. 9 devices per person for a projected population of 1. 39 billion. Latin America is close behind, with a 48% inc rease in traffic and an estimated 2. 1 devices per person among a population of 620 million. 3) METHODOLOGY The research is in the main focus on IIUM students in all major from different background of kuliyyah.This is because to make it easy and not bias only to specific student or specific responder. Unfortunately, the research did not include answering of the outside of IIUM because of a few limitation. The answerers were also selected from the mahallah to respond the questionnaires. 1. Population and Sampling Approximately the questionnaires that were been delivered to the IIUM students are about 20 questionnaires. By using random sampling, they were distributed the questionnaire to the student and then take it back after they closing with the questionnaire. 0 responders were selected from male student and 10 more respondents from the female student around the IIUM campus and mahallah. 2. Instrumentation and Data Collection The data about uses of the internet is gathered by making the survey. In the survey, the data was calm by answering a set of questionnaire which consists of 8 questions. The survey question, the students were asked about their own experience and how regularly they are on using internet in their basic life every day. The survey form is divided to two sections which are section A and B. ection A is for responded personal information and section B is for closed-ended questions. 4) FINDINGS / DATA ANALYSIS 1. Findings 2. Data analysis Based on the survey made during the research, the first question which is ensconce whether they are using the internet or not, the result shows that all or 100% of the respondents are using the internet. This is because the policy and method on the IIUM itself in encouraging their student to use internet. They need to use the internet at least for register their subject for new semester in their year of study.Other than that, the students also need to use the internet to search the source of their assig nment and learning throughout the semester. The second question was to determine how frequent the respondent to access the internet in one week. Based on my survey, at was it is distinctly shows that most of them, which consist of 58% are accessing the internet every day. It was left others option by far which is only 26% of respondent are accessing in 4 to 6 days a week, followed by 2 to 3 days, 11% and lastly once a week which is 5%. From this question,The next question that was asked in the survey was the time they played out every day on the internet. Most of them spent their time on internet about 1 to 3 hours a day. It was followed by respondent that only spent less than 1 hour which consists about 30% and lastly, only 10% of them are surfing more than 3 hours a day. Social network are the most often website that the respondent visit oppose to the other instance of website. There is 50% of them are spent their time surfing on the internet by visiting to social network such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, BlogSpot, and online game. 5% of the respondents are frequently use internet for multimedia website such as YouTube, Vivo, and also music download website. The third place goes to was on instant messaging which contribute about 15% of the respondent. They prefer to use Yahoo Chat, Google Talk or Facebook chat when they are on-line. Unfortunately, only 10% of them are using the internet for check their e-mail. This result shows that respondent are using the internet for entertainment and socialize quite than use it for something that really beneficial to them. The next question that was asked in the survey was the number of devices that they have.This question is to prove that in the future, the number of device on every person is increasing. In the survey, the result found that most of them have at least one or two device which consists of 45% and 40% respectively. This result was influence of many students at least has laptop or desktop on them besi des of cell phone that also can access the internet. Only 5% of them did not have and 10% have 3 or more device that can access the internet. The types of device that respondent have been asked on the question number six in the survey. As expected, most of them, which is 95% have laptop or desktop which can access the internet.Hand phone was on the second place which consist 13 respondent or 65% of the respondent have this device that can access the internet. Only 15% and 10% of them have tablet PC and other device such as music player and gaming device. The result on question septet was surprising. From the survey, only 8 respondents hear about the contamination that can occur from the uses of the internet which consist only 40% of them. Other respondents never heard about this topic ever before. From this question, we can see that there are still a lot of mass that are not aware about this issue.This is because the pollution effect is we barely can see in naked eye. Also, this pollution is majorly consumed by IT Company rather than a person. The question number eight that was asked in the survey is about the source of information that respondent get about the issue. From the survey, we can conclude that the respondent majorly heard about this issue from newspaper or magazine which contributes about 33%, followed by from internet which is 25%. Both source, which is from friends and educations or lecture are only consist about 17%. Lastly, 8% of the respondent had heard this issue from other choice such as advertisement and seminar. ) DISCUSSION ON FINDINGS The finding shows that majorly students in IIUM have the experience in using the internet. The finding is very contrast if we done this research back to 10 years before. In that day, only a few of student who have the computer and it can be categorized as a luxury item (Leiner B, Cerf V, Clark D, (2001). This situation is parallel to the point that the development of IT technology is faster than other t echnology such as automobile and builds construction. The time IIUM student spent on the internet also very long. Most of them spent their time about 1 to 3 hours a day.By the time passed, they do not realized how they are wasting their time in front of their laptop every day only for checking their Facebook, reading about gossip on the blog, even watching videos on Youtube. This is the reflect on the example that Allah stated in al-Quran By Al-Asr (the time). Verily Man is loss. Except such as have faith, and do righteous deeds, and (join together) in the mutual teaching of Truth, and Patience and Constancy (p. 601). With the amount of device that respondent have in this day, there is not impossible that the users of internet will be quadruple in 2015.The increase of smart device in the market and more affordable electronic device that use and can access the internet, slowly increase the chance for the pile to connect to the internet in the future. This possibleness also being su pported by Odlyzko (2000) who forecasted the explosive growth in small mobile devices, which will often have small storage and low bandwidth over wireless links, and thus will be most useful if they can get data from local storage. This model also allows for easy desegregation with special hardware for intellectual property protection. Unfortunately, there is still a small amount of us that aware about this issue.This might be the lack of information that can be spread to the people as a clear lack of transparency from major IT brands is the one biggest reason behind this imprecision. (Teske, 2010). The other reason is this pollution is not majorly contributed from the users. The pollution are majorly contribute from the IT company that use a huge amount of energy to power up the system. They need that energy to fulfill the demand needed by users. 6) CONCLUSION In conclusion, this research has investigated the revolution of the internet from the beginning to the present, until what we aspect in the uture and the effect of the most rapid developing technology to the environment. As mentioned earlier in the introduction, the purpose of this study was to find out usage of internet and digital device from the past to the future and to understand the impact of rapid developing technology and internet to the environment. The results of the investigation show that there are no sign of decreasing in internet development in current time or in the future. The technology was continuously evolve and every day, more people start using internet in their daily life.Despite of all apparent motion that big tech company done to minimize the effect, there is still possibilities that the pollution that cause from internet uses become worse as the users are increasing from day to day. The limitation of this research is in the methodological analysis which is I only done the data collection around the IIUM and not outside. This will make the data value are not really accurate. As we all know, there are still people do not use internet in their entire live especially some people that live in the village or some area that did not have internet coverage area.Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, here are several recommendations to be considered. Firstly, as for the big tech company that provide internet service and using data centre, they can use other energy source to power it up rather than rely hard to coal based energy. For example, even though Facebook Company relies heavily on coal energy, their data centre was powered up by mixing it with wind and solar energy, saving about 2. 5 million kWh per year or 1,065 tonnes of CO2. Other method is by using virtualizing.Virtualizing is a method of running multiple independent virtual operating systems on a hotshot physical computer. It is a way to maximizing physical resources to maximize the investment in hardware. For example, from 200 servers, we can reduce it to only 25 servers by using this method. It can save thousands of energy per year and reduce the cost of maintenance. As for the user, we can contribute by minimizing the uses if internet by reducing the time that we consume to surf the internet and also only access the internet when we really need to access it. 7) quote Al-Quran, Surah Al-Asr 1-3.Cook, G. (2011). How dirty is your data? A look at the energy choices that power cloud computing. Amsterdam. Greenpeace International. Cisco (2010). Networking solutions sub solution. Retrieved from http//www. mashable. com Forrest, W. , Kaplan, J. M. & Kindler, N. (2008). Data Centers How to Cut Carbon Emissions and Costs. McKinsey & Company. Greenpeace (2010). Make IT green cloud computing and its contribution to climate change, Greenpeace International. Koomey, G. (2008). ecumenical electricity used in data centre. Environment Research Letters. IOP Publishing. Leiner, B, et al. (2001).The past and future history of the internet. intercourse of the ACM. Neolabels (20 10). Digital life today and tomorrow. Retrieves from http//digitallife. neolabels. com Odlyzko, A. (2000). The history of communications and its implications for the Internet. AT Labs Research. Prouser. (2011). Where the internet was born. Retrieved from http//www. reuters. com/news Teske, S. (2010). Energy revolution a sustainable world energy outlook. Greenpeace International, European Renewable Energy Council (EREC). 8) APPENDIX SURVEY ABOUT THE USERS OF INTERNET AMONG THE IIUM STUDENTS SECTION A AGE LEVEL OF STUDY GENDER NATIONALITY SECTION B 1) Do you use the internet? Yes No *(if yes, the survey ends here) 2) In a week, how many days do you spend in the internet? Once A Week2-3 Days A Week 4-5 Days A WeekEvery Day 3) In average, how much time do you spend in the internet? Less than 1 hour1-3 hoursMore than 3 hours 4) What type of website do you often visit when surfing the internet? Social NetworkMultimedia E-MailInstant Messaging 5) How many device(s) do you have that ca n access the internet? Not HaveOne TwoThree or More 6) What kind of devices do you have that can access the internet? Laptop/Desktop PCHandphone Tablet PCOthers _____________ 7) Do you ever heard about the pollution that occurs from the uses of the internet? Yes No 8) If yes, where do you hear about this? Newspaper/MagazineFriends InternetEducations/Lectures Others _____________ SURVEY ENDS HERE. THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION

Individual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual - Essay grammatical caseA research based on the investigation of 288 companies identified the resistance from employees at various levels as the biggest factor that hindered the implementation of replace (Creasey cited in Haslam and Pennington, n.d., p. 3). This is so because the personnel tend to gain benefits from the existing business line model of the organization. They have their ways formulated in such a way that any change in the existing business model can be a potential threat to their profit tycoon. A loss drawing card is responsible to quell the resistance among people towards the implementation of a change that is compulsory for the organisational growth. The process of transition comprises three entirely distinct processes, each of which upsets the organisational personnel in its give way. The three stages ar 1) Saying Goodbye, 2) The Neutral Zone, and 3) Moving Forward (Haslam and Pennington, n.d., p. 3). Employees have reason to resist the freshman st age. At least they know how to work in the old system whether or not it works. Having worked in the old setup for quite some time, they develop a comfort level with the first stage. lacking(p) the set of competencies required by the new system, people tend to revert to the old system. The Neutral Zone, which is fundamentally the second stage, consumes most of the time and energy of people. Instead of taking the discomfort as a contest and working their way towards the new comfort, people tend to go back to the same old inefficacious but convenient ways of doing things. In organizations which have the culture of punishing employees for their mistakes, people hesitate to conduct the new system unless they are sure they will not practice any mistake in the Moving Forward stage, which is the third stage. The need of security and safety causes people to resist change. It rests with the transformational leader to make the change implemented with minimum inconvenience. According to He rold et al (2008), not much study has been done to limit the impact of transformational leadership on outcomes of the change. Personal outcomes are the fundamental specialty of transformational leadership (Givens, 2008, p. 4). The vision, drive, passion and ability of leaders to inspire their followers into action largely make up charismatic leadership trend of the leaders (Parry and Proctor-Thomson, 2002). A transformational leader necessarily has five crucial qualities that make him an effective transformational leader. A leader essential be a Visionary A leader must be a person of honor and Honesty and have Values A leader must know how to properly motivate others and A leader must be able to lead change and finally, A leader must be able to lead a culture of change. (Cornelius & Associates, n.d.). Despite their individualistic identity and significance in organizational leadership, these qualities are largely interdependent. Changes in an organization can be fundamentally c lassified into two types, viz. the planned and the emergent. Initiatives drives in an organization from top to bottom are termed as planned changes whereas emergent changes are those which develop from any level in the hierarchical structure of an organization. In either of the two types of changes, leader assumes a crucial role to play. In order for the planned change to be effective, it is imperative that the leader

A Few Good Man Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Few Good Man - Movie Review typefaceges to prove the presence of Code Red, an extrajuridic punishment for dissenting officers, but there is a flip-flop when it is proved that Dawson was absent when the engrave red order was made. As the movie ends, Colonel Jessup contradicts his testimony and angrily justifies his actions that conduct to the death of Santiago. Jessup is arrested, while Downey and Dawson are found guilty of unbecoming conduct of a marine and action dishonorably.A Few Good Men touches on military justness and demonstrates how military honor and competence is suborned by authorities. Dawson and Downey were treated fairly in A Few Good Men as they were readable of murder and Jessup was arrested for giving the code red order on Santiago. Dawson and Downey were following orders dictated by their code on abiding to a unit, corps, God, and country in the course of duty (Sorkin, 1990, p. 32). However, they followed orders from their superiors, including Colonel Jess up, but did not deliberate their duty to protect those not in a position to protect themselves leading to their dishonorable discharge. at that place was unfairness by the justice system in choice of attorney, willingness to make plea, and choice of prosecutor.Instances exist where the judicial system treated the accused differently as they were going against the word of powerful people. The first eccentric is assigning the Santiago case to Kaffee and Moore despite their proven inexperience in courtrooms and Kaffee best known for remission cases regardless of guilt, innocence, or the opinion of accused. The other instance is that Downey and Dawson were investigated by military that set up the justice system through with(predicate) appointing the attorneys and presided over the prosecution, which is a violation of their right to fair treatment. The other difference was through instructing Kaffee to plea on behalf of the accused to avoid getting the case to trial. This is evidenc ed by the prosecutor cautioning him that not pleading was a risk to his

Historical Definition of Globalization Assignment

Historical Definition of Globalization - Assignment ExampleNevertheless, there are other unalike factors that drive shaped globalization and define its historic development. One such factor is semipolitical. Political systems have promoted, hindered, and regulated treat both today and in the past. Establishment of legal systems, regulatory bodies, and institutions that hinder or serve the development of international trade and solve disputes between conflicting nations has long historical root (Wright, 2015). In addition, exposure of different regions to political systems and forces in the past was a major determinant of the developing or failure of the process of economic globalization. Case in point, Wright (2015) shows how the Mandinka and Islam contributed to the incorporation and exposure of the Niumi into the global system. The political influences of the Mandinka and Islam in the trans-Saharan trade framework contributed to the strengthening of the Niumi Polity (Wright, 2 015). The Portuguese arrival further allowed for entry of the Niumi into trade across the Atlantic complex. Non-economic globalization can also be defined in the form of kindly and cultural integration. There are four streams of current global farming which have significant historical roots global academic culture, global business culture, popular religious culture, and popular secular culture (Wright, 2015). Social and cultural interactions have led to the development of a global civil society in which individuals and communities share social and religious perspectives.

Services Sector Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

emolument Sector Marketing - Case Study ExampleHaving a restaurant and running it is no enceinte deal - people all across the world do that, but not many experience succeeded the way that TGI Fridays has done. The business has done a remarkable job in developing its cutting touch everyplace its competitors, doing what others havent done, bringing up innovation and creativity, that attracts thousands of customers to its outlets all around the world, and has maintained itself and its status as the necropsy entertaining hang out place, with themed coverage, and instances that create a memorizing impact on the customer, pulling them to come over again and again.Customer attraction and retention is an important phenomenon when devising a marketing plan, and this is where TGI Fridays has been fairly undefeated in doing a remarkable job. The difference that it has created is what gives it a cutting edge. As mentioned in the company policy, amongst the sarcastic components for the bu siness is the ambience that it wants to create within its environment. And certainly, the business has been successful in the same.Critical incident is a derived form of critical incident technique, in which events and observations are gathered, and these observations formulate the critical incident. Critical incident techniques plant process from the point of understanding and witnessing the incident to the fact finding and collecting data from the participants and till the issue is resolved.TGI Fridays weed identify what constitutes a critical incident by conducting research in its area or attention specific terms, and it would ultimately lead the business into identifying whether or not it has achieved customer satisfaction. For this purpose, on a universal note, businesses hire consultants for rendering their services chiefly to identify the variables.Researches reveal that the critical incident here, as alike mentioned in the case, would be a invade time at the restauran t. Observing the various aspects related to a busy time and comparing the same to a non-busy time would yield meaningful outcome. Here, observation needfully to be done by a neutral person who is neither very defending slightly the employees nor a very customer centric individual. The various aspects that need to be ascertained are mainly the delivery time, the professionalism of the servers, and manner of delivery, lag time and other several variables. These aspects should not just be observed but the participants i.e. the customers should also be asked questions about the same. A few observations during busy times, and a few during the non busy timings would definitely yield outcome that have comparative basis and thus can be compared to gild whether the business has achieved customer satisfaction or otherwise.Q3 Discuss the relative merits and demerits of blueprinting and Servicescapes as conceptual framework for analyzing the service encounter at TGI Fridays.Blueprinting is d efined as a mechanism that portrays in a visual stage the procedures and participants that are involved in producing a service, or in other words, it is a visual

Humanities-Medieval Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Humanities-Medieval Wowork force - Essay Ex spaciousWomen during the era of middle ages were undermined and not recognised to participate in both social and scotch activities. Women had certain amount of value in the society, but the bad part was that this value was placed in shape of economic good. They were recognize for two purposes firstly, they were recognized for bringing up children secondly, they were used for manual work. Women were paid low amount of wages, and this became the foundation of the standing of the deliverance of the medieval era. In various situations they used to assist other men in the work of pastoral production. The situation was so bad for the women that they were compensated even less than what children use to be paid for their work. procreation was supposed to be crime or non religious activities for women, and the church was against women education not allowing them to participate in tasks that required good amount of education. The only allowed t ask other than working in the fields of farming was taking the role of midwife (Chilton 167). Women were the leading portion of the workforce of the textile industry they heavily participated in the areas of woolen and silk. Although they enjoyed majority in such jobs, the amount of money they were compensated for their labor was near to zero. early(a) than working hard in the areas where manual labor was required, women were even the chief contributor of household tasks in particular if they were married. Introduction of flour mills decreased the amount of hard work women had to do, and this even saved them ample amount of time and increased the compensation they were paid. Unionization came into existence, and the unions started controlling the skilled labor within the society. This back up the wealthy businessmen to pay women compensation in advance, and they started employing them on individual level. The industry that experienced hiring of women in huge numbers was the text ile industry (Lawson 120). Those women whose skills were needed and highly desirable started gaining rewards when companies performed well. During the period of Chaucer, the role and circumstance of women started altering, and they started to earn a little bit better compared to what they were previously earning. Thus, their existence started gaining importance. The increase in economic status of the women shook the foundations of the unions, and women started participating in these unions and their voice started gaining representation among unions. It is hard for the researchers to determine the accuracy of the pistillate population of that time. It can be explained by the fact that during the Middle ages women were not a part of the consensus. opposite than working as manual laborers, women were considered important for giving birth and children upbringing a special moment of these issues could be observed in the rural centers. Huge amount of importance was placed on a womans child bearing ability because more children meant increase in workers in the clownish sector thus, women were considered almost as machines that produced babies. One of the most disturbing facts of that era was that women were being married to men on the trial basis in which the individuals whose fertility level was high were married to each other. The capitulum of highest concern was that

Starting a Business in Aqua-Pure Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starting a Business in Aqua-Pure Company - Essay ExampleAnother source of financing I whitethorn utilize is borrowings from my relatives or friends who would be willing to lend me some money, which I could repay once the crease is making a profit.Moreover, I may seek potential business partners who have the monetary qualification to answer the capital needs of the small follow. As such, they may become co-owners, thus, be entitled to bring a portion of the earnings of the business.Aside from these, I may also utilize external financing sources to address my capital requirements. In this regard, I jakes resort to borrowing funds from banks and other financial institutions2 that specialize in dealing with business entities and implement special lending schemes for start-up enterprises. In addition, I can borrow from specific government development agencies that support small-scale industries or apply in organizations that set up off business grants for creative entrepreneurs3.I t should be noted that borrowing, deemed as a long-term loan, from external sources entails essay exposure, therefore, this option is usually a major decision for small businesses. Given this, I should ensure that the company has the ability to service this loan including interest and that the loan terms are not burdensome to take in for small business owners like me.It would also be used for the construction of a small water supply treatment facility and purchasing or leasing the land where this would be located. Moreover, the capital would be allocated for the companys pre-operating expenses like promotions and incoming as well as initial operating expenditures including salary, power, water expenses and other fees.4. Government agencies and regulations to be dealt with by business ownerAs a small business engaged in the man the manufacturing and sell of bottled mineral water, I, as the business owner, would have to initially deal with the Food & Drug Administration (FDA), es pecially the Compliance Department. This is because this agency would first have to ensure that I am complying with their regulations. For instance, the FDA would inspect my equipment and products to find out the bottled water to be sold meets the standard set in the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.

The Enlightenment by Immanuel Kant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Enlightenment by Immanuel Kant - Essay ExampleThis implies that in deed it was the enlightenment age. He added that a prince ought to indicate clearly that his duty is not to dictate anything about ghostly subjects but he should leave them completely free. According to Immanuel, enlightenments main direct is the emergence of men from self-imposed nonage. Primarily the nonage is in religious matters since rulers are not evoke in playing the guardian in their subjects, the sciences and arts. He also added that nonage in religion is the around harmful and dishonorable. According to Immanuel only, enlightened man can give people freedom to argue as much as they like and about what they like but obey (Porter, 2001).Jerusalem or on religious power and Judaism by Moses Mendelssohn One of the most political tasks, according to Moses, was balancing religion and state, civil and ecclesiastical constitution as well as churchly and secular authority. This is because they did not but the y just became burdens on social life and weighed down its foundation rather than upholding it. Men had strived in solving it and enjoyed settling it much instead of solving it theoretically (Jacob, 2001). Some of them thought of separating these different societal mens dealing into moral entities and assign every province specific duties, rights, properties and powers. The extent of various boundaries and provinces could not, however, be fixed accurately.According to Moses, appetency has an advantage of being consistent. He terms it to have answer to every question.

Immigration and Asylum Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigration and Asylum Law - Case Study ExampleNationality may also be acquired later in life with naturalization. Under UK law the legal sense of nationality attributed to the meaning of citizenship.The residents of a country generally possess the right of abode in the territory of the country whose legal documents they hold. This, however, is pendant upon the constitution of the named land, and there are exceptions, particularly among more economically stable nations.Asylum law is considered to be the part of international humanitarian law rather than immigration law. The two basic principles of refugee law are, first off a refugee should not be returned to persecution and secondly that the state must provide an asylum applicant with a procedure to make their claim. Domestic legislation has an important role in asylum law twain in terms of making the international conventions part of our domestic law, and in terms of setting forth national procedures and enforcement mechanisms . The asylum law can now be found in international conventions and agreements, much(prenominal) as the 1951 UN Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, and the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.Now shall go through the facts, scopes, major issues, and the relevancy of the conjoined cases of Huang v. secretaire of nominate for the Home department and Kashmiri v. ... Now shall go through the facts, scopes, major issues, and the relevancy of the conjoined cases of Huang v. Secretary of State for the Home Department and Kashmiri v. Secretary of State for the Home Department with the application of nationality, immigration and asylum Law. 2 Huang v. Secretary of State for the Home Department and Kashmiri v. Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentThis together heard appeals raised a common skepticism on the decision-making role or function of appellate immigration authorities while deciding appeals, on Convention grounds, against refusal of leave to enter or persist, und er section 65 of the Immigration and Asylum mask 1999 and Part III of Schedule 4 to that Act.Facts Mrs Huang is a Chinese citizen born on 29 environ 1942. Her husband,from whom she is separated, daughter, son-in-law and two grandsons are British citizens living in this country. Mr Kashmiri is an Iranian citizen born on 4 July 1981. His parents and two siblings came to this country in 2000 and were in due course granted indefinite leave to remain as refugees, but Mr Kashmiris claim to asylum has been refused.Mrs Huang appears before the House as a respondent in an appeal by the Secretary of State and Mr Kashmiri as an appellant in an appeal against the Secretary of State. Neither of the applicants qualifies for the grant of leave to remain in this country under the Immigration Rules and administrative directions shortly promulgated. Both claim that the refusal of leave to remain is unlawful because incompatible with their Convention right to respect for

Global climate change is invetable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global climate variety is invetable - Essay ExampleSome people are of the opinion that climate change has occurred because of mans activities that have interfered with nature. Others argue that the climate changes are natural cycles that occur after certain periods, and they have postcode to do with human activities. The essay will focus on both sides of the opposing viewpoints. It will envision why there is orbicular warm and also its causes. The essay will also focus on the views against global warming. Because global temperature changes occurred mostly during the rapid industrial period, global warming is real, and its effects are tremendous.The comportment of greenhouse gases causes global warming. A certain percentage of global warming occurs naturally because of greenhouse gases set in the automatic teller machine. Such naturally present greenhouse gases trap radiation within the atmosphere, causing a rise in temperature and changes in climatic patterns. The rise due to such natural causes is usually tokenish and negligible. However, noticeable changes in global climatic patterns occur due to the heightened concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Gulledge, 2012, 6). The increase in concentration of greenhouse gases is attributed to increase industrial activities since the start of 20th century. The increase in concentration implies that more radiation will be trapped in the atmosphere. Industrial activities, which lead to increased carbon emission into the atmosphere, have risen throughout the 20th and 21st centuries causing global warming. For instance, the highest warming has occurred during the last decade with global average temperature rising by 0.51o C relative to 1950s to eighties (Huang, Wang, Luo, Zhao & Wen, 2012, 39). Model simulations of the greenhouse effect have also indicated that increased greenhouse gases cause global warming. When global average temperature variations are reproduced in model